1 - factors causing the infection: It is the microbes that can causeinfection or disease, including bacteria (germs) and viruses, fungi and parasites.
2 - Stocks infection: a place where you live microbes that causedisease and grow and multiply, and may be in man or animal or plant, soil or air, water or other fluids Oaladuat and equipment used in hospitals, which may be a reservoir for the microbes that cause disease.
3 - places out: called on the road out of which the causal factors, and can be the object that causes the infection to come out of the reservoir through the circulatory system,or openings in the skin(such as superficial wounds, cuts deep, and where theyunderwent surgery and skin rashes) and mucous membranes(such as eyes, nose, mouth) and respiratory (eg, lungs), urinary and reproductive system and digestive system (such as the mouth and anus) or the placenta, through the blood, secretions ordroplets that come from these parts of the body.
4 - Jump ways: calling method that moves the inventory ofmicrobes to host the exhibition of the injury, and there are fiveways of transmission of infectious agents, namely:
• contact may be transmitted organism causing the infectiondirectly from the reservoir to host the exhibition of the infection by touch (eg: bacteria staphylococcus bacteria Staphylococcus) and sex (eg, gonorrhea, HIV "HIV") is the contact of the most important ways of transmission the most common in hospitals and can be divided into two subtypes:
(1) direct communication: transmission by means of microbes as a result of contact with the surface of the body of someone who is infected with the surface of another body susceptible to thisdisease.
(2) indirect contact: contact by means exhibition to the diseasewith a substance such as equipment, contaminated needles andmedical dressings contaminated or contaminated hands of those in charge of health care services or contaminated gloves that are not replaced when dealing with patients.
• Move through the mist: It means the transmission of microbesthat cause disease through droplets containing microorganismsgenerated from the person the source of infection while he wastalking Oatts Osaal or a result of certain medical procedures such as the work of the telescope of the bronchi (the people) air or devices suction fluid from the respiratory , and spread the spraycontaminated through the air for a short distance of not more than1-2 meters and is entering into the body of the host through themouth or nasal mucus, or within the eye in the conjunctiva, characterized by the spray density that does not allow him to continue hanging in the air, which means that the microbestransmitted through the spray different from other microbes in the air, so there is no need for the application of special methods of ventilation to prevent the transmission of microbes across the road.
• Move through the air may be transmitted the causative agent of infection through the nuclei Kotairia (pulverized) is very small(less than or equal to 5 microns) containing microorganisms thatremain suspended in the air that carries them for very long distances - unlike droplets large - and then host the exhibition of the injury the disease by inhalation of those intentions, and smallexamples "measles and tuberculosis," and these intentionsremain small suspended in the air for extended periods of timevariable and the methods used here indicate good ventilation toprevent the transmission of microbes.
• the carrier mediator may move the microbes that causeinfection, indirectly, to host the exhibition of the infection by a pollutant factor that causes the infection and of these vectors of food (eg: Salmonella), blood (eg, hepatitis (B) and hepatitis Cand HIV in humans) and water (cholera and Shigella) andcontaminated (eg, hepatitis virus (B) and hepatitis C and HIV, "AIDS").
• Host Broker: can be transmitted microbes causing the diseaseto the host exhibition of injury by insects and other animals is obvious vertebrate (eg, mosquitoes (mosquitoes), which can transmit malaria, yellow fever and Rift Valley fever, and fleas thatmay carry the plague).
5 - places of entry:
Represent the entry and the route used by disease-causingmicrobes to enter the body of the show host to infection, these microbes may enter by:
- The blood stream (through the sites of blood entry devices such as intravenous catheters and syringes).
- Skin openings (eg, surface and deep wounds, rashes and position of the surgery).
- Mucous membranes (eg eyes, nose, mouth).
- The respiratory system (eg, lungs).
- Urinary and genital system (eg, vagina, penis).
- The digestive system (eg, mouth and anus).
- The placenta.
6 - host the exhibition of the injury:
Is a person who can get the infection by microbes that causedisease, and may be the breadwinner is a patient or worker in the field of health care or individuals working as assistants at the hospital or visitors to the hospital and other community members,and different host depending on the causative agent of the disease, and helps vaccination against certain types of microbesthat cause infection in reducing the incidence of diseases caused by these microbes.
التسميات
Health risks