Derived science policy in the socialist economies, on the form used in the Soviet Union, to imitate then in the rest of the other socialist countries and the imposition of other countries.Politicians differ in those used in a market economy, which is supposed to be on the planning process, with the appointment of the persons in charge of choosing and translate the goals and they are directly relevant organizations is central, then to be included in the Five-Year Plan.
At the same time, the conduct of research and development are scattered in a way, we find that the ministries of branches (more than 50 Ministry in the Soviet Union), the management of large organizations that are
available on its own laboratories, and the Academy of Sciences is to buy a number of basic research laboratories.
At the macro level: There Hiklan carrying out the implementation of scientific policy:
To the State Planning Commission GOSPLAN;
State Committee for Science e Technology CEST .
GOSPLAN : Responsible for the provision and dissemination of new technologies in the economy with goal setting, which must be accessed, and the volume of investments necessary for their manufacture. This committee is also in cooperation with the CEST Monitor the allocation of resources to research and development between the various branches of the economy.
CEST : Responsible of the instructions relating to major programs of research and development, especially those that require cooperation between different ministries or between ministries and laboratories Academy of Sciences. Since CEST Do not have their own laboratories, it monitors the services of information technology, and research institutes had to be responsible for major projects for research and development between the branches, as well as agreements and technological cooperation between institutions and foreign governments.
There is another body and the military-industrial «VPK» Which are directly affiliated with the Council of Ministers of the Soviet Union, to ensure the link between military needs and the development of research projects and development necessary to do so.
In general, we find that the Soviet Union to pay considerable sums on research and development (more than 3% Of the gross national product), relatively more than the United States and Japan, but the Socialist industrial organization, and the absence of a stimulus event without the impact of those expenses.
التسميات
Economic policy