Despite the important role played by various international organizations, notably the World Intellectual Property Organization (WIPO), the strengthening of intellectual property rights at the international level for a long time, but the global trends marched towards the integration of intellectual property rights in the new world trade order, Vadrjt intellectual property rights issues within the global trade liberalization in the eighth round of GATT negotiations (the Uruguay Round 0.1986 to 1993) and resulted in the negotiations for the conclusion of several agreements, the most important of the Convention on trade-Related Aspects of intellectual Property Rights (TRIPS Agreement). This agreement has brought fundamental changes in the system of protection of intellectual property rights at the international level, after the subjects included in the new global trading system, and the supervision of the World Trade Organization.
The TRIPS Agreement imposed on the Member States in the World Trade Organization to provide in their domestic legislation of minimum standards for the protection of intellectual property rights. While agreeing minimum standards of protection imposed by the agreement with the prevailing standards of protection in the advanced industrial countries, however, these standards far outweigh the protection standards prevailing in the developing countries. It is self-evident that the higher levels of protection of intellectual property rights in accordance with the interests of the advanced industrial countries because it is the science which has the money and technology, while developing countries they do not have it, but very little.
This means that the TRIPS Agreement will lead to fundamental changes in intellectual property laws prevailing in the Arab countries are members of the World Trade Organization ([1]), like other developing countries, that were not have had these changes already. These changes would raise the levels and strengthen the protection of intellectual property rights in accordance with the new standards set by the TRIPS Agreement.
In spite of the negative effects that may result from the application of the TRIPS Agreement in developing countries, but that the Convention has developed a set of principles and exceptions that allow developing countries the opportunity to alleviate these effects. There is no doubt that the interest of the Arab countries, like other developing countries, to take advantage of these principles and exceptions at the age of national legislation in accordance with the provisions of the Convention.
In the field of patents, Under article 27 of the Convention, Member States of the WTO that allows access to all patented inventions in all fields of technology as long as conditions are met, granted, without distinction between the field and the latest technology. To mitigate the negative effects that could result from the application of this principle has allowed the agreement of the Member States to exclude from the innocence of the three denominations exceptions.
(1) The number of members in the WTO until now 146 members. The number of Arab member states so far are 11 Arab countries: Jordan, UAE, Bahrain, Tunisia, Djibouti, Oman, Qatar, Kuwait, Egypt, Morocco, Mauritania.
التسميات
Intellectual property