Is the ancient Sidon, one of the oldest and most important kingdoms of Phoenicia. Was divided into two parts - as evidenced by the inscriptions found in the temple of Ashmun. Sidon major marine or a center of industry and trade and the current city place. Sidon Minor and was located valuable suburb on the slopes of the highlands that surround the city.
Due date or come the Phoenicians for our country to the early third millennium BC.. And attributed Sidon to Sidon Bakr Canaan was the presidency of the Phoenician cities and sovereignty of marine share Sidon first result, it went this presidency over southern Lebanon including pictures and retained its sovereignty marine as you did before Jbeil and Arwad in northern Lebanon. Was Sidon As for the city of HBO in North Africa Keciom in Cyprus were also pictures to the city of Carthage.
The city flourished particularly in the late second millennium and early first millennium BC.. Has dominated the eastern basin of the average period of time. The book of the Old Testament as the Greek poet Homer called Phoenicians Shehadanyen suggesting feet Sidon in history and prosperity of the Phoenician and control.
Homer mentions in Aleazth and craftsmen and artists Chidanyen Amahdhm in the Iliad refers to "embroidered dresses making Chidaniet" and described with admiration. In the second century BC.. Zidon sovereignty lost period of time. Because invasion Filsto and destroy them. Greatness moved to the pictures.
Successively Phoenician cities, including Sidon conquerors and invaders. The foreign occupation overwhelming at times violent and weak no effect altogether by stages prosperity or decline that was experienced by the occupying power.
Punish Zidon protection or Egyptian occupation has lasted to the present Covenant long period of time and then Assyrians have arisen city Assyrian king Esarhaddon about 680-670 BC.. This tyrant king came and destroyed the city and slaughter Jhaeha denied the population to Assyria.
During the Persian occupation city also arose to Artaxerxes III Votaha army and besieged. And when Chidoyun saw that bargaining does not work preferred death to captivity and families. Vogrul their city and burned all their boats and set fire to the city and surrendered to death by burning. It is said that more than 40 thousand people perished in this massive fire.
After the Persians surrendered Sidon to Alexander the Great without resistance and later to his successors. In early Roman eras were Zidon accounts for a small semi Republic of rulers and judges and the Council of elders.
We recall the way to St. Paul when he appealed to Caesar traveled to Rome from the port of Sidon.Despite the jumbled of rigidity in these centuries, this city was where the movement is still a good business.
In Byzantine eras was the center of the Diocese and the capital of the southern coastal Phoenician.
In the year 667 signed Sidon in the hands of the Arabs and since then it has become the name of Sidon.Administrative and became a subsidiary of the city of Damascus, the capital of the Umayyad later.
In 1111 besieged King Bedouin first Crusader King of Jerusalem surrendered after a siege 47 days.
In the Crusader period Sidon was the center of the mandate of the four states that make up the Kingdom of Jerusalem was ruled by Comte and stretch its borders from Damour north "to Mount Carmel to the south.
In 1187 surrendered without resistance to Saladin demolishing walls. In 1197 the Crusaders regained then recovered by Arabs in the year 1249 to come back and fall back in the hands of Alafranjh fittest King Louis IX of France or St. Louis city walls vase residence.
In 1291 abandoned by the Knights Templar Les Templiers Final after the fall of the city of Acre last stronghold of the Crusaders in this country.
In the Mamluk era delayed Sidon often degenerated would not this Alnahtat of Sidon share only. Has ruined all the coastal cities with important ports in the present Covenant. Because Mamluks were baptising to landfill ports and sabotage to prevent enemy ships from entering because they are afraid to return Afrang which Geloa to Cyprus but in the fifteenth century mention some historians this harbor city of Damascus.
In the Ottoman Empire became Sidon Year 1662 mandate of the center begins its borders to the north of the bridge Maameltein any of the limits of the mandate of Tripoli and south ends at Byblos Carmel then later expanded the limits of the jurisdiction days butcher including annexation of the country.
In the seventeenth century city known some prosperity at the time of Prince Fakhreddine II which made it shake Venctt capital commercial traffic and taking foreigners stationed in expanding their trade with them, especially after losing Tripoli commercial center as foreign traders moved them to Sidon and to Aleppo. The Sidon and Aleppo competing economic and commercial leadership in the era of Fakhruddin.
Perhaps the reason for the prosperity of this city in this particular period is foreign policy Fakhruddin and protection for foreign traders and missionaries. This on the one hand and the other hand that Sidon is the natural harbor of internal rima, Syria and through Sidon - Marjayoun - Damascus. Through historic naturally. Natural because it is the shortest route to Syria and internal because the snow does not lock it in winter and history tells us that castles built along its length in strategic places such as the Beaufort Castle and Castle Banias.
This has abounded in Sidon buildings concerned that still persists to this day and also bars abounded that he was staying where foreign merchants and consuls of European countries. Perhaps this short period of prosperity experienced by Sidon days Fakhruddin is the last period of prosperity in history.
In the late eighteenth century butcher transfer mandate of the center of Sidon to Acre and this is what precipitated the fall of the city. Not only did the butcher do so, but the expulsion of foreign traders, including 1791. Since that date, Beirut emerged as the center and occupied the place of Sidon in trade relations with Europe. This is still the city grow and prosper since the early nineteenth century to become after a few time Port Lebanese and Syrian countries alike.
In 1873 at the time of the Egyptian occupation earthquake stricken important فتهدم department but Suleiman Pasha Frensawi deputy commander Fatih Ibrahim Pasha returned its development and shrouded by a fence on the land.
After the First World War, which ended with the evacuation of the Ottomans for this country returned to the city of Sidon motherland and annexed to the Republic of Lebanon and since that time, the capital city of Sidon southern Lebanon.
التسميات
Lebanon