Plague is one of the most serious epidemics Adamic prevalent.Where the disease has spent hundreds of millions of people allover the world especially in India. In October 1994, appeared in the form of the disease epidemic in Surat, India, causing the death of 64 cases within a few weeks. And global organizationscooperated and different countries with the Government of Indiato take the necessary precautions so that ended quickly. Is present in the natural foci of disease throughout the world, especially in certain areas such as the Yemen-Saudi border. Thepathogen remains alive in the natural foci ofthe disease based on many kinds of rodents, which differ in their susceptibility toinfection. The infection can lie dormant areas where the diseaseis endemic for long periods as rodents surviving a totalresistance of infection to appear offset by generations of infectionand so on.
Pathogen:
Microbe Alaarsenia Pistes yersinia pestis bacteria aregram-negative / non-animated / non Mottagrthma. Microbe growand reproduce better in the presence of bile. Kill the organismwhen exposed to the sun and drought. And remain alive in thegerm-contaminated materials / secretions / dead bodies / feces of fleas for up to 3 months. Living organism in sputum for 10 days / boils special bubonic plague of 2030 for a period of days / in the water for a month / 3 months in milk.
Reservoirs of infection: The rats and wild rodents multiple (there are approximately 230 type of naturally infected rodents infected)are the warehouses of the plague of nature. Has transmitted the infection to domestic rats in rural and urban nomads, where it mixes with wild rodents.
Sources of infection:
1 in the bubonic plague is the source of infection rat flea.
2 in the pneumonic plague is the source of infection is thedroplets that come out of an infected human or Besagah.
Ways of transmission:
1 of Alawibh noted that the appearance of plague in humansalways preceded cases of epidemics in the rat first. When ratsleave fleas spend to search for another host, which may be ratsor other proper person and the movement of the organism, causing what is called bubonic plague.
This is done as follows: transmitted germ disease from ratsinfected to the rat flea while eating a meal of rats xenopsiella cheopis infected and the disease in its acute. If bites flea hostanother sound (rat or human being) moved him infections directlywhere the parts of the mouth of the flea contaminated of infection.If not, the flea remains contagious for up to 4 18 days of taking a blood meal from the host patient. During this period occurs the proliferation of massive germ plague in the stomach of a flea, resulting in blockage of the stomach in so-called phenomenon ofobstructive Blocking phenomenon. It is here when you bite thisFlea infected host New (sound) can not swallow it absorbs fromthe blood is infected with contaminated blood is attributable to the place of bite and then infection occurs. In some cases, dying fleas from blockage of the stomach during the 550 days of hunger and others happen that dissolves the
blood clotted and disappear the case of blockage of the stomach and can flea that lives and feeds the rest of his life (203 days) and becomes a carrier of the infection and produce microbes in thefeces which may contaminate the place Aldg When rubbing the skin of man in place Aldg interference causing bubonic plaguebacteria.
2 transmission from person to person and is done by inhalingcontaminated droplets coming from a person with bubonic orpneumonic plague and plague infection caused pneumonia. Andwhen there is favorable climatic conditions of temperature andhumidity, we find that pneumonic plague is spreading rapidly.
Picture of the disease in rodents:
* Often do not notice symptoms in mice and rodents, but mortality was observed in large numbers (domestic or wild) in the AlaoibhAdamic.
• In the autopsy of the rats infected notes the following:
A congestion of the blood vessels under the skin.
To inflation and inflammation of the lymph glands, especially the hip gland / Almnaam / pelvis / neck.
C necrosis in the liver tissue (small spots Mtnkerzh yellow orwhite).
D enlarged spleen and become fragile.
التسميات
Plague